MSTP & VRRP protocol

background

STP And RSTP Block the port at one end , It's a waste of resources , The burden of the link is too large , So the final solution uses MSTP

[SWA]stp enable
[SWA]stp mode mstp
[SWA]stp region-configuration
[SWA-mst-region]region-name RegionA
[SWA-mst-region]revision-level 1
[SWA-mst-region]instance 1 vlan 2-10
[SWA-mst-region]instance 2 vlan 11-20
[SWA-mst-region]active region-configuration
[SWA]stp instance 1 priority 4096  Set instance 1 The priority of the , In the instance 1 in ,sw1 For the root bridge , stay swB Set an instance in 2 The priority of the , Select instance 2 The root bridge of is swB
[SWA]stp instance 2 priority 8192 

 explain ：SWB、SWC To configure MST Domain parameters are similar , I won't repeat .swc There is no need to set priority 
SWB Additional configuration ：[SWB]stp instance 1 priority 8192
[SWB]stp instance 2 priority 4096

 see mstp Setting successful 
display stp brief

example

Be careful ： You need to set the corresponding vlan Otherwise, you cannot forward packets , such as swA Need to set up vlan10 vlan 20 It can bring
vlan Forward the data

[SWA]display stp brief 
 MSTID      Port                  Role  STP State     Protection
   0        Ethernet1/0/12        DESI  FORWARDING      NONE
   0        Ethernet1/0/15        ROOT  FORWARDING      NONE
   1        Ethernet1/0/12        DESI  FORWARDING      NONE
   1        Ethernet1/0/15        DESI  FORWARDING      NONE
   2        Ethernet1/0/12        DESI  FORWARDING      NONE
   2        Ethernet1/0/15        ROOT  FORWARDING      NONE

SWB]display stp brief 
 MSTID      Port                  Role  STP State     Protection
   0        Ethernet1/0/13        DESI  FORWARDING      NONE
   0        Ethernet1/0/15        DESI  FORWARDING      NONE
   1        Ethernet1/0/13        DESI  FORWARDING      NONE
   1        Ethernet1/0/15        ROOT  FORWARDING      NONE
   2        Ethernet1/0/13        DESI  FORWARDING      NONE
   2        Ethernet1/0/15        DESI  FORWARDING      NONE

[SWC]display stp brief
 MSTID      Port                  Role  STP State     Protection
   0        Ethernet1/0/2         DESI  FORWARDING      NONE
   0        Ethernet1/0/3         DESI  FORWARDING      NONE
   0        Ethernet1/0/12        ALTE  DISCARDING      NONE
   0        Ethernet1/0/13        ROOT  FORWARDING      NONE
   1        Ethernet1/0/2         DESI  FORWARDING      NONE
   1        Ethernet1/0/12        ROOT  FORWARDING      NONE
   1        Ethernet1/0/13        ALTE  DISCARDING      NONE
   2        Ethernet1/0/3         DESI  FORWARDING      NONE
   2        Ethernet1/0/12        ALTE  DISCARDING      NONE
   2        Ethernet1/0/13        ROOT  FORWARDING      NONE

VRRP

VRRP（Virtual Redundancy Protocol）, Virtual router redundancy protocol .
VRRP Add multiple routing settings to the backup group , Form a virtual router , Undertake gateway function



The primary router sends to the standby route every second VRRP message , Tell yourself you're still alive , When the standby route fails to receive for three consecutive cycles ARRP message , namely 3 second , You will think that the main router is faulty , Then the standby router will start and become the main router , And send the Answer type without reason ARP, Refresh the lower switch mac Address table , Refresh virtual mac The correspondence between address and port ,
VRRP The protocol message uses a fixed multicast address 224.0.0.18 Send

This is the main router will still send VRPP message , The message carries priority information , After the backup router receives the message , It is found that the priority of the main router is lower than its own , Then the backup router will replace the main router to become a new main router and send it regularly VRRP message , And the original main router will no longer send VRRP message , The new main router will also send Answer type without reason ARP Used to refresh mac Address table
Virtual router ip The address is pc Set up your gateway
VRRP It's a three-tier agreement
MSTP It's a two-tier agreement