OSPF and rip

VPN

Virtual private network
VPN The core of Technology ---- Tunnel technology ---- Packaging technology
Tunnel technology ：
At both ends of the tunnel, a data channel is established in the public network through encapsulation and de encapsulation , Use this data channel for transmission

GRE ---- Generic routing encapsulation
1、 Create a tunnel interface
interface tunnel 0/0/0
2、 Interface configuration IP Address
IP address 192.168.3.1 24
3、 Define encapsulation method
tunnel-protocol gre
4、 Define the content of the package
source 12.0.0.1
destination 23.0.0.2

NHRP
Next hop parsing protocol
principle ： You need to select a device with a fixed exit physical address in the private network as NHS, All remaining branches should know the tunnel address and physical address of the center , then ,NHRP All branches are required to integrate their own physical interfaces and tunnel interfaces IP Mapping relationship of address to NHS, If the physical address changes , You need to resend . such NHS You can get the mapping relationship of the addresses of all branches . If the branches need to communicate with each other , You need to apply to the center to obtain the mapping relationship table

MGRE Configuration of

Configuration of the center ：
1、 Create a tunnel interface
interface tunnel 0/0/0
2、 Interface configuration IP Address
IP address 192.168.3.1 24
3、 Define encapsulation method
tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
4、 Define the content of the package
source 15.0.0.1
5、 establish NHRP Domain
nhrp network-id 100

Configuration of branches ：
1、 Create a tunnel interface
interface tunnel 0/0/0
2、 Interface configuration IP Address
IP address 192.168.3.1 24
3、 Define encapsulation method
tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
4、 Define the content of the package
source G0/0/1
5、 Join the center to create NHRP domain
nhrp network-id 100
6、 Report information to the center
nhrp entry 192.168.5.1 15.0.0.1 register
display nhrp peer all

RIP Realization MGRE Environmental problems ：
1、 Only the center gets the routing information of the branch , The branch does not get the pseudo broadcast on the center
nhrp entry multicast dynamic
2、 After the center turns on the pseudo broadcast , The branch can only receive the routing information of the center , But there are no branches
reason ---- RIP The horizontal segmentation mechanism of
terms of settlement ---- undo rip split-horizon

OSPF ---- Open shortest path first protocol

Lu Jia Xuan , Fast convergence , Less occupied resources
RIPV2 and OSPFV2 Similarities ：
1、RIPV2 and OSPFV2 Are called classless routing protocols
2、RIPV2 and OSPFV2 All send information in the form of multicast
3、RIPV2 and OSPFV2 All support manual authentication
4、RIPV2 and OSPFV2 All support equal overhead load balancing
RIP and OSPF Difference point ：
RIP It can only be used in small networks ,OSPF It can be applied to medium and large networks

Requirements for area division ：
1、 There must be... Between areas ABR equipment
2、 Region division must be based on star topology

OSPF Data packets of
1、hello package
Cycle discovery , Establish a relationship with cleaning neighbors
2、DBD package
Database description message
3、LSR package
Link status request message
4、LSU package
Link state update message
5、LSAck package
Link state determination message

OSPF The basic configuration of
1、 start-up ospf process
ospf 1 router-id 1.1.1.1
2、 Create area
area 0
3、 Declare
network 12.0.0.1 0.0.0.0
see ospf My neighbor table
display ospf peer
View neighbor profile
display ospf peer brief
View database tables
display ospf lsdb
Expand a LSA Information
display ospf lsdb router 2.2.2.2

OSPF Structural mutation during work
1、 Add a new network segment
2、 Disconnect a network segment
3、 Unable to communicate

OSPF Priority routing
Intra domain routing > Inter domain routing > Extraterritorial routing
External routing superimposes internal overhead > External routes do not stack internal overhead