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C getting started series (XXVI) -- assemblies and namespaces

2022-07-22 01:54:00 【InfoQ】


Assembly

An assembly is a collection of one or more type definition files and resource files .

   The assembly is .NET The main building blocks of a framework application . All managed types and resources are contained within an assembly , And marked as accessible only inside the assembly , Or marked as accessible from code in other assemblies .

When developing a project , Programmers can use classes or types in existing class libraries , You can also create your own class library . These class library files are usually in the form of .dll Extension name , Called an assembly .

Using existing assemblies or creating and using your own assemblies is an indispensable part of large-scale programming .

   In all files contained in the assembly , There is a file that holds the name of a file that contains part of the assembly 、 The version of the assembly 、 Language and culture 、 Publisher 、 There are export types 、 And an assembly information list of all the files that make up the assembly .


Namespace

To resolve naming conflicts between assemblies and types ,C# Provides a mechanism for organizing types using namespaces .

A namespace is a compilation unit for organizing and reusing code , Is a set of classes and types that share namespace names . Each namespace has a unique name that is different from other namespaces .

The syntax form of namespace declaration is as follows ：

namespace  Namespace name
{
  Namespace members
}

The members of a namespace are the classes and types included in the namespace , The declarations of all classes and types contained in the namespace must be placed in braces of the namespace declaration .

The namespace name is a string , The string can contain ‘.’ character ,’.’ Characters are added in front of the class name or type name for information separation and hierarchical organization .

Namespace naming rules ：

  • The namespace name can be any valid identifier ;
  • Generally, the company name is used as the beginning of the namespace name , The company name is followed by the technical name ;
  • Do not name a namespace the same as a class or type .

Nested declarations of namespaces have two syntactic forms ：

// form 1
namespace  Namespace name 1
{
  Namespace 1 Members of
 
 namespace  Namespace name 2{
  Namespace 2 Members of
 }
}

// form 2
namespace  Namespace name 1
{
  Namespace 1 Members of
}
namespace  Namespace name 1. Namespace name 2
{
  Namespace 2 Members of
}


using Several uses of

  • using Instructions ： Introduce namespace ：

using System;
using System.Collections;

  • using static  Instructions ： Specifies the type whose static members can be accessed without specifying a type name

using static System.Math; //  Use it directly System.Math.PI

double pai = PI;

  • names

using Project = PC.MyCompany.Project;

  • using sentence ： Bind instance to code

using (Book b1 = new Book("aaa", 15.0f),
 b2= new Font("bbb", 20.0f))
{
 // Use b1 and b2
}

At the end of the snippet , Automatically call b1 and b2 Of Dispose Method , Release instance .
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