当前位置：网站首页>[cloud native • Devops] master the continuous integration tool Jenkins

Continuous integration （Continuous Integration,CI）. With the increasing complexity of software development , How to better coordinate development to ensure the quality of software development has become the goal of the development team , Especially in recent years “ agile development ” The rise of the Internet , How to quickly adapt to the changing needs and ensure the development quality is particularly important .

Continuous integration is a kind of software development practice aiming at such problems , Advocacy teams must often integrate their work , And every integration is verified through automated construction , Include automatic compilation 、 Release 、 test , So as to find integration errors faster , Let the team develop cohesive software faster .

Continuous integration has the following characteristics ：
It is an automated periodic integration testing process , Check out code from 、 Compiling and constructing 、 Run the test , And then to the result record 、 Test statistics are automatically completed , No manual intervention required
A dedicated integration server is needed to perform integration builds
Need to be supported by code hosting tools

The emergence of continuous integration , Ensure the quality of the code delivered by the development team , Reduce the pressure of software release ; The second is to complete the whole process automatically , It doesn't need much human intervention , It greatly reduces the repeated process , Save time 、 Workload and cost .

2. Jenkins Introduce

Jenkins Original name Hudson,2011 The year is amended as Jenkins, It's a Open source tools for continuous software integration . The official website is as follows: （ There are also Chinese websites ）：

JenkinsJenkins – an open source automation server which enables developers around the world to reliably build, test, and deploy their softwarehttps://www.jenkins.io/

Jenkins It can monitor the errors in the integration in real time , Provide detailed log files and reminders , The trend and stability of project construction can also be vividly displayed in the form of charts .

Jenkins It has the following characteristics ：
Easy to install ： Download the official website and run it directly
Easy to configure ： Provides friendly GUI Configuration interface
Change support ： It can get and generate code update list from code warehouse , Output to compile output information
Support permanent links ： The user is through Web To visit Jenkins Of , And these Web The link address of the interface is permanent , It can be used directly in any document
Integrate E-mail/RSS/IM
JUnit/Test NG Test report ： Provide test reports in the form of charts
File fingerprint information ： Which integration builds will be saved and what results jars file , Which integration uses which version jars Documents and other records
Support for third-party plug-ins

Two 、Jenkins Installation and deployment

1. install Jenkins

First step , download Jenkins Installation package , open Jenkins Official documents ;

Click on “Installing Jenkins”, You can see the various versions available for download ;

choice Linux（ The demo virtual machine is CentOS System ） Under the CentOS System ;

You can see the official online installation method ;

open Xhell And connect the virtual machine / The server , Follow these steps to download ;

#  Download mirroring 
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/jenkins.repo \
    https://pkg.jenkins.io/redhat-stable/jenkins.repo

#  install 
rpm --import https://pkg.jenkins.io/redhat-stable/jenkins.io.key

#  to update 
yum upgrade
 
#  install  Java  Environmental Science 
yum install java-11-openjdk

# install  Jenkins
yum install jenkins

2. Local access Jenkins

Jenkins After installation , You can use virtual machine / The server IP: port Visited locally , The initial interface is as follows ;

According to the prompt, the password is saved in /var/lib/jenkins/secrets/initialAdminPassword Directory ;

Enter the password and enter the following interface ;

We choose to install the recommended plug-ins ,Jenkins It will start to download and install automatically , The following is being installed ;

After installation , Create our first user ;

Get into Jenkins The home page is as follows ;

3. Plug in installation

Using the recommended installation method can only help us install some of the most commonly used plug-ins , There are some plug-ins such as maven We still need to install it manually .

Click on “ System management ” --> “ Plug-in management ”;

Here we can see the plug-ins we need , Download on demand ;

4. uninstall Jenkins

# rpm uninstall Jenkins
rpm -e jenkins

#  Check if the uninstall is successful 
rpm -ql jenkins

#  Completely delete the remaining files 
find / -iname jenkins | xargs -n 1000 rm -rf

3、 ... and 、Jenkins Global configuration

The purpose of global configuration is tell Jenkins Where are the paths of various tools , bring Jenkins These software can be called through plug-ins . We all download the compressed package and upload it to the virtual machine / The way of server .

Click on “ System management ” --> “ Global configuration ”, You can see the plug-ins that need to be configured , Configuration is required jdk、git、maven Tools ;

1. Git Installation and configuration

（ Use it directly yum Although the command installation is simpler, the version will be very low , In order to prevent errors in the future, it is recommended to install in this way ）

First download git Compress the package and upload it to the virtual machine / The server ;

Follow the steps below ;

#1. Decompress the package 
tar -zxvf git-2.27.0.tar.gz

#2. stay Linux The system needs to compile the source code , First download the required dependencies 
yum install curl-devel expat-devel gettext-devel openssl-devel zlib-devel gcc perl-ExtUtils-MakeMaker

#3. Uninstall the old version of  git（ Installation dependency is automatically installed  git, So you need to uninstall the old version ）
yum -y remove git

#4. Enter the unzipped folder 
cd git-2.27.0

#5. compile git Source code 
make prefix=/usr/local/git all

#6. install git to /usr/local/git route 
make prefix=/usr/local/git install

#7. Configure environment variables 
vi /etc/profile 
 Add this line of code at the bottom ：export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/git/bin

#8. Refresh environment variables after configuration 
source /etc/profile

After the operation is completed, use the command git --version see git edition , as follows 2.27 Version installed successfully ;

[[email protected] git-2.27.0]# git --version
git version 2.27.0

Now let's take a look at git route which git;

[[email protected] git-2.27.0]# which git
/usr/local/git/bin/git

Use this path to set the global configuration ;

2. JDK Installation and configuration

Download a jdk Of rpm Package and upload to virtual machine / The server ;

Then use the command rpm -ivh jdk-8u171-linux-x64.rpm Installation ;

The root directory after installation is /usr/java/jdk1.8.0_171-amd64;

Use this path to set the global ;

3. maven Installation and configuration

download apache-maven .tar.gz Package and upload to virtual machine / The server ;

Unzip the compressed file ;

Use this path and the extracted file name to set the global ;

After all the configuration is complete , Click save 、 Click application .

3、 ... and 、 Upload the code to Git The server

1. Gogs The construction and configuration of

Gogs It is an easy to build self-service Git service , Its goal is to create the simplest 、 Build in a fast and easy way Git service . Use Go Language development, it can be distributed through independent binary , Support Go All platforms supported by the language , Include Linux、Mac OS、Windows as well as arm platform . With the traditional Git Compared with it, its biggest advantage is that it has a graphical interface .

First step ： Download mirroring docker pull gogs/gogs;

[[email protected] ~]# docker pull gogs/gogs
Using default tag: latest
latest: Pulling from gogs/gogs
97518928ae5f: Pull complete 
d20a5437c0b4: Pull complete 
ec9934e62f5f: Pull complete 
2a880a4f6876: Pull complete 
7bb13647629b: Pull complete 
641b202f48eb: Pull complete 
8f12f9a5cd7d: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:fbae7c126411d3fa3f8fdca17a65b196887ab23e3b7375f682a13daf5806bb19
Status: Downloaded newer image for gogs/gogs:latest
docker.io/gogs/gogs:latest
[[email protected] ~]#

The second step ： establish Gogs Containers docker run -di --name=gogs -p 10022:22 -p 3000:3000 -v /var/gogsdata:/data gogs/gogs;

# Container name gogs
# Port mapping ,22 Port map to 10022,3000 Port map to 3000

[[email protected] ~]# docker run -di --name=gogs -p 10022:22 -p 3000:3000 -v /var/gogsdata:/data gogs/gogs
3af9726ff2d9430be43f7f3d78c206b9a53d356347e8a92c23316a7d2e6533f8
[[email protected] ~]#

The third step ： Access in your local browser , The initial interface is as follows ;