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Maintainability of data intensive application of reading notes

2022-07-20 23:56:00 【InfoQ】

Preface

The previous two articles introduced reliability and scalability respectively , This article will introduce the third feature ：

Maintainability

Reliability of data intensive application of reading notes

Scalability of data intensive applications of reading notes

Three principles of software design

Most of the cost of software development is not in the initial development stage , It's about continuous investment throughout the life cycle . Good software design can minimize the pain points in the maintenance process .

The three design principles of software system are ：

Operability ：

It is convenient for the operation team to keep the system running smoothly .

simplicity ：

Simplify system complexity , So that subsequent engineers can easily understand the system .

Evolvability ：

Subsequent engineers can easily make changes to the system , And adapt it to atypical scenes as the needs change . Also known as

Extensibility

、

Modifiability

Plasticity

Operability ： Operation and maintenance is easier

“ Good operability can often resolve the limitations of software , The non-standard operation can easily break the software .”

The operating system is very important to keep the software system running smoothly . If the system makes daily tasks easier , It enables the operation team to focus on high-value activities , Thus, it has good operability . The data system can perform the following operations to make daily tasks easier , for example ：

Provide good system monitoring and system runtime behavior and observability

Support Automation , Integration with standard tools

Avoid binding specific machines , In this way, while the system is running continuously , Allow the machine to shut down for maintenance

Provide good documentation and easy to understand operation mode （“ If I did X, It's going to happen Y”）

Try to self repair , Let the administrator manually control the system status when necessary

Provide a good default configuration , And allows administrators to easily modify the default values when needed

Behavior is predictable , Reduce accidents

simplicity ： Simplify complexity

Complexity can be expressed in the following various ways ：

The expansion of state space

Modules are tightly coupled

A tangled interdependence

Inconsistent nomenclature and terminology

Special treatment for performance

A special framework introduced to solve a particular problem

Reducing complexity can improve software maintainability , This is why simplicity should be the key goal of the system we build . This does not necessarily mean reducing system functionality , This may also mean reducing unexpected complexity . If the software solves the problem （ As users can see ）, But only from the implementation , Complexity is accidental .

Abstraction is one of the best ways to eliminate unexpected complexity . A good design abstraction can hide a lot of implementation details , And provide clean 、 Easy to understand interface . A good design abstraction can be used in thousands of different applications . such , Reuse is much more efficient than repeated implementations ;

On the other hand , It also brings higher quality software , And the benefits of high-quality abstract components , You can easily benefit all the applications running on it .

Evolvability ： Easy to change

System requirements are constantly changing , We must ensure that we can handle these changes . The agile community has also released many technical tools and patterns , To help develop software in a constantly changing environment , for example

Test-driven development

（TDD） and

restructure

Easy to understand systems are often easier to modify than complex systems .

summary

An application must meet many expected requirements , It mainly includes functional and non functional requirements .

function ： What to do , For example, it is allowed to store , retrieval , Search and process data .

No function ： General characteristics , For example, security , reliability , Compliance , Scalability , Compatibility and maintainability .

This note focuses on reliability 、 Scalability and maintainability .

Reliability means that even in the event of failure , The system also works .

Scalability means when the load increases , Effectively maintain the good performance of the system .

Maintainability means many things , But its essence is to make the engineering and operation team more relaxed . Good abstraction can help reduce complexity , And make the system easier to modify and adapt to new scenes . Good operability means good observability and effective management methods for the health of the system .

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